![]() Shear thinning fluids exhibit a reduced viscosity value as the shear rate is increased. In non-Newtonian fluids, the viscosity measurements change depending on shear stress. Examples of Newtonian fluids include water, glycerin, and light oils. This proportion means that the viscosity measurement will remain constant even after several viscosity measurements. ![]() In Newtonian fluids, the shear stress is in direct proportion to the shear rate. Liquids can be classified by the type of flow behavior they exhibit. High molecular weight polymers can have viscosity values in the millions of centipoises range. Oils are thicker, having values between 100 and 100,000 centipoises. However, water ’s viscosity at its boiling point of 212 ° F (100 ° C) drops to 0.0038 poises. The viscosity measurement for water is defined as 1 centipoise (0.0100 poises) at room temperature of 68 ° F (20 ° C). The magnitude of this constant force, which is often measured in dynes per square centimeter, is determined as that amount necessary to maintain a difference of velocity of one centimeter per second between two fluid layers that are one centimeter apart. Viscosity is determined by applying a continuous force in order to push one layer of a fluid so that it moves faster than another fluid layer. The viscosity equation known as the Hagen-Poiseuille equation is named after him and Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen (1797 –1884). The unit of poise was defined around 1924, being named for French physician and physiologist Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille (1799 –1869), who formulated mathematical expressions for the flow rate of fluids in circular tubes. The unit of measure typically used for viscosity is poise (P or Po) or centipoise (cP or cPo) (where one centipoise equals 100 poises and one poise is also equal to 0.1 pascal-second). Liquids that have complex molecular structure viscosity will also tend to be higher because the molecules can become entangled.Īny material that flows will exhibits viscosity. For example, glycerin is thick because it has a high capacity to form hydrogen bonds with itself. When large intermolecular forces are present, a liquid will tend to be thick or highly viscous. Liquids, conversely, generally show decreasing viscosity with increasing temperature. ![]() In the case of gases, the viscosity increases with temperature because of the increased molecular activity at higher temperatures. For gases and non-polymeric liquids like water, viscosity is independent of the fluid ’s shear stress and history. Other examples are liquid plastics and mud. Fluids that behave in this manner are called non-Newtonian fluids. After paint is applied, only the slow and steady pull of its weight causes it to flow at this slow shear rate the viscosity of paint is high and it resists the tendency to flow or sag. When brushed on (sheared) quickly, fluids such as paint have a low viscosity and flow easily. ![]() In general, viscosity is a function of temperature and pressure however, in some fluids viscosity is dependent on the rate of shear and time. Thick fluids such as tar or honey have a high viscosity thin fluids such as water or alcohol have a low viscosity. The proportionality factor between the shear stress and the velocity difference between the plates is defined as the coefficient of viscosity or simply the viscosity of the fluid. The shear stress is proportional to the speed of the plate and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates. ![]() Those fluids that have no resistance to shear stress are called ideal fluids. The applied shear stress keeps the plate in motion and, when the plate velocity is steady, this shear stress is in equilibrium with the frictional and drag forces within the fluid.Īll fluids, except superfluids (those with a complete absence of viscosity), contain some factor that pose a resistance to shear stress. The applied force per unit area of the plate is called the shear stress. Imagine a fluid between two flat plates one plate is stationary and the other is being moved by a force at a constant velocity parallel to the first plate. Thus, it can be described as a measure of fluid friction. It is commonly described as a resistance to pouring of a liquid, such as the viscosity different grades of automobile oil. The viscosity of a fluid is an internal measure of its resistance to continuous deformation caused by sliding or shearing forces. ![]()
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![]() ![]() HSCTs with wild-type–CCR5 + donor cells can lead to a sustained reduction in the size of the peripheral reservoir of HIV-1. The loss of detectable HIV-1 correlated temporally with full donor chimerism, development of graft-versus-host disease, and decreases in HIV-specific antibody levels.Ĭonclusions. The ability of donor cells to engraft without evidence of ongoing HIV-1 infection suggests that HIV-1 replication may be fully suppressed during cART and does not contribute to maintenance of viral reservoirs in peripheral blood in our patients. Results. Although HIV-1 DNA was readily detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before and 2–3 months after HSCT receipt, HIV-1 DNA and RNA were undetectable in PBMCs, CD4 + T cells, or plasma up to 21 and 42 months after HSCT. ![]() In-depth analyses of the HIV-1 reservoir size in peripheral blood, coreceptor use, and specific antibody responses were performed on samples obtained before and up to 3.5 years after HSCT receipt. Methods. We studied the effects of a reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic HSCT from donors with wild-type–CCR5 + cells on HIV-1 peripheral blood reservoirs in 2 patients heterozygous for the ccr5Δ32 mutation. Background. The long-term impact of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoirs in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is largely unknown. ![]() ![]() ![]() Next, open the "ByHost" folder within the Preferences folder and also delete "com.microsoft" files. if you are still using Office for Mac 2016). , and do the same to files starting with "com.microsoft" in there too (except for. In Finder hit Shift+Command+G, enter ~Library/Preferences Delete files starting with "com.microsoft" from this folder. Long Answer: Add a script to remove Office 2011, etc. Deploy with a lower priority in the policy the latest Office Serializer from the Microsoft Volume License Service Center. MS Office Home & Business 2016 for Mac is designed for users and small businesses that. Open Finder and hit Shift+Command+G then enter ~Library/Preferencesįollowed by enter. Short Answer: Deploy latest O365 package from (this is a Microsoft hosted site). 2016 version of Word, Excel, Powerpoint, OneNote, and Outlook. If you're removing Office for Mac 2011, there are a few different files you'll need to delete to remove Office completely. Highlight and delete the following, if present: Finally, hit Shift+Command+G and enter ~ /Library/Group Containersįollowed by enter. Now delete the files using the Command+Delete keyboard shortcut. Highlight the items you want to delete by holding the Command key and clicking. Microsoft Office 2016 Professional Plus - 1 PC Computer and processor: A Mac computer with an Intel processor. If you're using Microsoft Office for Mac 2011, these apps will be in a separate folder. It was immediately made available for Office 365 subscribers with either a Home, Personal, Business. On July 9, 2015, Microsoft released the final version of Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac which includes Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and OneNote. For Microsoft 365, Office 2019, and Office 2016, apps will be labeled individually as Microsoft Excel, Microsoft OneNote, Microsoft Outlook, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Word, and OneDrive. The first Preview version of Microsoft Office 2016 for Mac was released on March 5, 2015. This means that we’ll no longer provide technical support, bug fixes, or security updates for these products, and organizations that continue to use them may face increased security risks and compliance issues over time. ![]() You can also hit Shift+Command+G and type /Applications Today we mark the end of support for Office 2010 and Office 2016 for Mac. To begin, open a Finder window and click on Applications in the sidebar. ![]() This is the standard way of deleting Mac apps, but it isn't exhaustive and normally requires a follow-up to delete junk that gets left behind. The simplest way to remove Microsoft 365 or Microsoft Office for Mac apps from your Mac is to delete the apps from your Applications folder using Finder. Uninstall Office for Mac by Deleting the App Here's how to remove the Office suite from your Mac altogether. Are you done with Microsoft 365 (formerly known as Office)? Maybe you're moving on from an outdated version, or simply unwilling to pay for another year of support. ![]() ![]() “These were magazines that were also pushing the boundaries of what print was at the time – although they weren’t the only people doing it”, she adds. “Both of them were publishing essentially a magazine with these typefaces that were sent to interested parties”, Lippert says. The posters on show in the exhibition are forms of type specimen posters – a sometimes overlooked part of poster design history, Lippert suggests. were trying to square the circle and most people ended up with really crappy looking type design because of that”, she says. “That makes sense to us now, but that was really different from how everyone else was approaching digital typefaces. Type design: Eric Donelan & Bob Aufuldish. “Rather than trying to retrofit a typeface that already existed to work on the computer and print out and look legible – which was difficult in the 80s and 90s – they started with the limitations of digital and they made typefaces that reflected those limitations”, she says. Lippert explains that Emigre’s stood out from others grappling with the challenges of digital type in this era. “Others were trying to square the circle” “They had very different approaches, really novel approaches to how you approach type design and the function of type”. Design by LettError (Erik van Blokland & Just van Rossum). Juxtaposing the two collections for the show, “it just became this dialogue between two digital foundries that were working concurrently”, she says. ![]() ![]() “We had that archive for maybe five or six years, and when I was thinking about what I could do with Steven Heller, he said, ‘well if you’re going to do Emigre, you should talk about it with Fuse’”, she says. ![]() Lippert explains that one of the museum’s first acquisitions was Emigre’s poster archive. While Emigre was established in Berkeley, California in 1984 by Rudy VanderLans and and Zuzana Licko, Fuse was set up a few years later by Neville Brody and Jon Wozencroft in the UK. “It was that time when people were finding weird, weird things to do with their computers”, says Angelina Lippert, chief curator at Poster House in New York, of new exhibition: The revolution Will be Digitized: Typefaces from Emigre & Fuse.Īlmost two decades on from when the first digital font, Digi Grotesk, was invented by Rudolf Hell in 1968, the two digital foundries featured in the exhibition were using the invention of the Macintosh Computer to experiment with type on either side of the Atlantic. ![]() ![]() Here are some more examples of how to use these words correctly in a sentence: Examples Of Using Satisfying In A Sentence Understanding the difference between satisfying and satisfactory is important in choosing the right word to express your thoughts. More Examples Of Satisfying & Satisfactory Used In Sentences By understanding the subtle differences between “satisfying” and “satisfactory,” you can ensure that your writing is accurate and effective. It’s important to use these words correctly in order to convey your intended meaning clearly.
![]() Photographer: Mika Baumeister | Source: Unsplash The story chief, one of the software tools which evaluates the SEO, and readability aspects of a blog, is also one of the best examples of micro learning model. The use of data science tools to improve writing skills may also come under this category. The best example of a micro learning model is mastering the Excel SpreadSheets. These are the major characteristics of a micro learning model. It is actually a learning model using byte sized nuggets, which are focused, crisp, short and capable of delivering the message instantly. However, in brief – micro learning model is for short term needs. We have outlined clearly in our earlier blogs – ‘ What Do You Know about Micro Learning And Its Different Aspects ?’ The companies which adopt this type of learning model are those dealing with technology advancement, evolution and also complex domains. ![]() The different subjects like Artificial Intelligence, Theory of Relativity, Cloud Computing, Data Science, Algorithms, Quantum Physics and Astronomy may come in this category. This is the real attainment of knowledge. The macro learning model is based upon a structured, well-defined, very detailed, fully explained, long duration learning path. Photographer: NeONBRAND | Source: Unsplash These are macro and micro learning models.1.1 Macro learning model The experts have suggested two models of learning towards this. Redefining a skill or skill acquisition is a significant aspect of training. We may do it by taking the advantages of technology advancement and resource availability. The most important facet in this skill defining or skill acquisition is that we have to continuously upgrade it and sharpen it through sustained efforts. The reference defines the skill as the ability or talent, which comes from training or practice. ![]() It is the ability to carry out a task that determines results often, when we provide an amount of time, energy or both. Wikipedia defines the skill as the following. Two models of macro and micro learning for redefining the skills as part of trainingīefore we proceed ahead, let us define “skill”. This is the reason that learning professionals throughout the world are blending micro and macro learning to get the best results of training at the workplace. Discovery of the internet along with its mass accessibility and use of personalized smartphones have allowed both micro and macro learnings to take center stage in the modern day world. ![]() ![]() ![]() The tour was excellent and our guide was very knowledgeable. There are so many more stories that they share with you on the tour and really you MUST see the house in person. 13 sections of wood in the repeating chevron pattern around Ballroom floor.13 bricks (going down) on the fireplace in the Unfinished Twin Dining Room.13 stones in the Oriental Bedroom windows.13 parts to Sarah Winchester’s will (with her signature appearing 13 times).13 panes of glass in the windows at the end of the Carriage Entrance Hall.13 holes in the post-1906 kitchen sink drain hole cover.13 sub-panels in the Grand Ballroom ceiling panels.13 ceiling panels in the Entrance Hallway.13 ceiling panels in the Guest Reception Hall. ![]() 2 sets of 13 easy risers going up to the 4th floor.13 balusters in the railing by the window in the floor in the South Conservatory.13 overflow drain holes in the Italian sink in the Hall of Fires.13 blue and amber stones in the spider web window designed by Mrs.The house itself is massive and absolutely beautiful! It’s what’s inside the house that gives it the name “mystery house”. Winchester needed to distract her from her grief. Building such a house was even supposed to bring her eternal life. On a more practical note, maybe a change of scenery and a never-ending hobby were just what Mrs. Winchester could rest assured that her life was not in danger. As long as construction of the house never ceased, Mrs. She also warned Mrs Winchester that she would be the next victim unless she appeased these spirits by building them a great house. This “spiritual medium” told her that the spirits of American Indians, Civil War soldiers, and others killed by Winchester rifles were haunting her and had caused the death of both her daughter and husband. It was said she was highly distressed (I can not imagine the grief!) so she sought out help from a medium. She lost her infant daughter due to illness and 15 years later her husband passed away. While that may have been common knowledge I had no clue. Sarah Winchester married into the Winchester family, the Winchester Rifle family. The first thing that fascinated me was the story behind the house. ![]() Needless to say, my interest had been piqued. ![]() I had mentioned we were going to a few friends and on Facebook and there was quite a bit of positive response along with many of my friends letting me know they wanted to go too. I’ll be honest, I had no clue what this house was or who Sarah Winchester (the owner) was before we arrived. We had the opportunity to check out the Winchester Mystery House. We were sharing a hotel together and going to attend a blogging conference but wanted to check out the sites in San Jose before so we arrived a day early. I met two of my wonderful blogging buddies, Tina from Bab圜ostcutters and Michelle from Powered by Mom. Just a few weeks ago I had the opportunity to go to San Jose, CA. Winchester thinking when she had a staircase built that descends seven steps and then rises eleven? Tour guides must warn people not to stray from the group or they could be lost for hours! Countless questions come to mind as you wander through the mansion – such as, what was Mrs. Winchester Mystery House™ is an extravagant maze of Victorian craftsmanship – marvelous, baffling, and eerily eccentric, to say the least. Thinking of visiting the Winchester Mystery House in San Jose, CA? You totally should! Visiting the Winchester Mystery House in San Jose, CA *I received a complimentary pass to tour the Winchester Mystery House to facilitate my review. All thoughts are 100% honest and my own. ![]() ![]() ![]() We also show you how to create pots for family holidays and yearly purchases. Take control of your finances and achieve all of your financial goals with blooms new Budget Planner We take the stress out of budgeting by walking you. Our debt repayment calculator lets you see precisely what debt you need to pay off first to save on interest payments. Through each page, users can save on costs, understand their debt, work out their net worth and see when they’ll be financially free. We’ve built this tool to allow households to understand their financial reality. There are opportunities to boost savings, start an investment, focus on personal development and even put money aside for time with friends or family.Īre you worried about saving for a big purchase right now? Our budget can show you how to create a fund for anything you need, including cars, houses, holidays, emergencies and yearly purchases. We provide you with two payment schedules helping you get debt-free as quickly as possible.īacked up by the data, the ultimate financial planner will help you with the essential things in life. Struggling with debt? Use the budget to re-organise any debt so you pay back less interest. ![]() We created an intelligent dashboard that will transform how you see your money, allowing you to make smart money decisions that won’t break the bank. To help with this, we created an incredibly smart money budget to help you get a handle on your money. We all have so many different outgoings, bank accounts, credit cards, loans and savings, so we understand it is difficult to fully understand your finances. Templated scenarios for personal or household budgets.Then work through the tabs in the worksheet linked above. Following these steps gives you a worksheet you can edit. Innovative dashboard showing your full financial picture First, copy the Monthly Budget Income and Expenses Calculator (see above for the download link) described in How to Complete Monthly Budget Worksheets, above.Struggling to manage your finances in one place?įix your finances with our easy-to-use ultimate financial planner. If you don’t have a financial advisor, finding one doesn’t have. Whether you are nearing retirement, under age 30 or at another financial milestone in between, these financial planning books can help you reach your goals. Budgeting Calculator UK – Get Your Monthly Budget In Order Fortunately, a plethora of books are available to help you budget, save and develop sustainable financial practices.How Investing £150 A Month Can Change Your Life.How Much Do I Need In My Emergency Fund. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Our top concerns were performance, durability, and comfort. Each pruner was used to make a minimum of 20 cuts, including green and dead branches up to 0.75 inch in diameter. After comparing the measurables and first impressions, we used them in our backyard tests for a variety of pruning projects. Our list represents a diversity of pruning needs and user preferences. We sourced our test pruners based on top-selling models and the recommendations of gardening enthusiasts and professionals. Photo: Debbie Wolfe How We Tested the Best Pruning Shears BEST LEFT-HANDED: Felco 9 One-Hand Pruning Shear – Left-Hand Version.BEST POWER: Sun Joe Cordless Rechargeable Power Pruner.BEST RATCHET: The Gardener’s Friend Ratchet Pruning Shears.BEST ANVIL: Gardena Anvil Pruning Shears.BEST BYPASS: Corona ClassicCUT Bypass Pruner.BEST FOR FLOWERS: Fiskars Non-Stick Softgrip Micro-Tip Pruning Snip.BEST OVERALL: Felco 2 One-Hand Pruning Shear.But first we share the shopping criteria we used to narrow down our list. Later in the article, read our reviews to learn why we consider the top selections to be the best pruning shears in each category. We tested the following pruning shears in our backyard landscape to find out how each would perform in real-life gardening situations. Though they resemble household scissors, hand pruners are made to cut through stems, shrubs, and branches instead of paper and fabric. ![]() Whether you need to trim back dense branches or gather herbs for dinner, the job will be faster and more efficient with a good pair of pruning shears. Keeping a garden and landscape in top shape requires care and maintenance, including regular pruning. ![]() ![]() Vu is known for his infomercials and is currently starting a social.
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